Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on artery walls (plaque), which can restrict blood flow. This condition can lead to heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular issues.
Symptoms
- Chest pain or angina
- Leg pain when walking (claudication)
- Numbness or weakness in limbs
- High blood pressure
- Kidney failure (if arteries to kidneys are affected)
Causes
- High cholesterol
- High blood pressure
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Inflammation from chronic diseases
Treatments
- Cholesterol-lowering medications (statins)
- Antiplatelet medications (aspirin)
- Lifestyle changes
- Angioplasty and stent placement
- Bypass surgery
Prevention
- Healthy diet
- Quit smoking
- Control blood pressure and cholesterol
- Regular physical activity
- Manage stress